The current situation and development trend of offset press
The level of imported sheetfed offset presses was a big step forward in the 1990s. mainly reflects in:
1) The printing speed is increased to 15,000 sheets / hour.
2). Due to the improvement of the level of automatic control, the pre-adjustment time before printing is greatly shortened. The original preset time is generally about 2 hours, but now it can be reduced to 15 minutes;
3) The degree of automation is greatly improved, which can realize the complete automation of the operation of the entire printing machine and the operating system from paper handling to the end of printing.
The future development trend of printing presses is still the integration of machine, electricity, light and sound, and eventually fully automated.
Classification of sheet-fed offset presses
1. Classification according to usage. Can be divided into printing paper offset presses, proofing offset presses, printing iron offset presses, etc.
2. Classified by printing color number. Can be divided into single-color, two-color, four-color, five-color offset printing machine, etc.
3. Classification according to paper size. It can be divided into small sheet, full sheet, folio, quarto, octograph offset press, etc.
4. Classified according to the printing surface of the printed matter. Can be divided into single-sided printing and double-sided printing offset printing machine.
Introduction of Offset Press
3.1 Composition of offset printing machine The offset printing machine is composed of three parts: paper feeding, printing and paper receiving, and the coordinated movement of each part is driven by the transmission device.
The basic composition of offset press and the name of each part
1) Paper conveying part: Its function is to accumulate paper for printing and separate it to the printing part. It is mainly composed of paper separation, paper feeding table, paper transfer, automatic control mechanism and pneumatic system.
2). Printing part: Its function is to print the substrate, which is mainly composed of positioning, wetting, inking and imprinting devices.
3). Paper collection part: Its function is to collect and stack the printed paper. It is mainly composed of a paper collection chain, paper sorting, paper stacking mechanism and anti-rubbing powder spraying device.
Name of offset printing machine part
1). Paper feeding end: the entrance end of the paper.
2). Paper receiving end: the exit end of the paper.
3). Operation side: refers to the side where the machine is operated. There is a main operation panel, etc., usually on the left side from the paper feeding end to the paper receiving end.
4). Transmission side: the side opposite to the operation side. There are transmission motors, transmission gears, etc.
Operation panel of offset press
The offset press is equipped with an operation panel. The buttons (buttons) on the operation panel vary depending on the manufacturer, model, and degree of automation. But the basic function keys are roughly the same, as described below.
The operation panel is generally divided into a main operation panel and a sub-operation panel.
5.1. Main operation panel: the main control device that centralizes the keys of the whole machine is set at the side feeding table. The main buttons are: electric bell, forward and reverse jog, operation, running stop, paper feed on, paper feed stop, paper feed air pump, paper feed air pump, closing pressure, stop (lock) machine and other buttons.
5.2. Sub-operation panel: there are multiple, set in different parts.
(1) Paper feeding part: mainly used to control the lifting of the paper feeding table. There are paper piles rising and falling.
(2). The position of each printing cylinder: one on the left and one on the left; the next on the paper table. Mainly used for disassembling printing plates and blankets, controlling water supply and ink supply. There are buttons for electric bell, forward and reverse jog, stop (lock) machine, ink on, ink stop, water on, water stop, etc.
(3). Paper collection position: mainly used to control the lifting of the paper collection section of the paper collection section, as well as operations such as emergency stop and paper feeding, and timely control of the production process. There are stop (lock) machine, electric bell, forward and reverse jog, paper feed stop, running stop, paper air pump, paper pile up and down, count switch, fault detection lamp, etc.
Safety device of offset printing machine
In order to prevent accidents and ensure the safety of operators and machines, offset presses are generally equipped with corresponding safety devices. The following are commonly used:
6.1. Protective cover: Sealing covers are installed on the outside of the wall panels on both sides of the operation surface and the transmission surface; at the front of the chain transmission, belt transmission part, paper receiving part, printing plate cylinder and rubber cylinder, water roller and ink roller, etc. All are equipped with protective covers. The main function is to protect the safety of the operator; to ensure the transmission accuracy and lubrication of the machine; to prevent the intrusion of foreign objects.
6.2. "Lock" switch: On the main and auxiliary operation panels of offset presses, there is generally a "lock" switch for the operator to use when necessary. After the lock is stopped, all buttons except the "bell" will not work. At this time, even after pressing the "bell", the machine will not start. After the lock is released, the machine can only be started normally after pressing the "bell" first. Heidelberg electromechanical bells are combined with jog keys.
6.3. Safety bar: It is installed between the plate cylinder and the rubber cylinder. Its function is to protect the safety of the operator. Once the operator accidentally rolls the cloth, clothing and fingers into the machine, move the safety bar clockwise to cut off the power supply To stop the machine from rotating. In addition, there is a safety bar at the front of the front edge of the paperboard to prevent accidents caused by multiple sheets of paper and foreign objects on the paper entering the drum during the paper feeding process.
6.4. Paper pile lifting safety protection device: the paper feeding table and the paper receiving table are provided with limit switches for controlling the paper pile lifting, to control the paper pile within the required range.
6.5. Empty sheet and double sheet detector: The empty sheet detector is set at the front gauge to detect whether the printed sheet is empty, skewed or not delivered in place. The double-sheet controller is provided on the paper-receiving roller (or line-belt roller) of the paper-feeding component to prevent more than two sheets of paper from entering the printing unit.
When an empty, skewed, or double-sheet feed failure occurs, the empty or double-sheet controller immediately sends a signal, and the interlock mechanism acts to stop the paper feed, the cylinder is depressurized, and the inking roller and the plate cylinder leave The water bucket roller stops rotating, the ink transfer roller is separated from the roller, the counter stops counting, the main motor is reduced to a low speed and a series of chain reactions.
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