Introduction of ISO 9000 in printing factory management

ISO (abbreviation of International Organization for Standardization) is composed of participating members of the world's multinational standards organizations, and is an organization that formulates and issues international standards. Each Member State has the right to send representatives to participate in a certain type of technical committee-managed projects. Any government or non-governmental international organization that has established a relationship with ISO can participate in the formulation of ISO standards.

ISO is to assist the international exchange of goods and services more smoothly, eliminate barriers between each other, and provide standards and related activities required for its development in the field of global knowledge, science, technology and economic activities to enhance International assistance to achieve a unified standard, but also to promote its development.

The ISO 9000 series of standards was completed in March 1987 by TC176 (the name of the technical committee) in the ISO organization. "Quality management and quality assurance series standards". In May of the same year, Germany adopted the German national standard (Diniso 9000 Series). In December of the same year, it became the common standard of eighteen European countries (including twelve countries in the common market and six countries such as Austria ’s Free Trade Association), and was renamed the EN29000 series of standards. Then ISO 9000 was revised for the first time in 1994, and the second revision is expected in 2000. Generally speaking, ISO 9000 certification refers to ISO 9001, ISO 9002 or ISO 9003 certification. The relevant international standards involved in ISO 9000 certification include ISO 8402, ISO 9000, ISO 9001, ISO 9002, ISO 9003, ISO 9004, ISO 10011, ISO 10012, ISO 10013, etc. Here is a summary description of the above international standards :

(1) ISO 8402: This international standard is defining the vocabulary of "quality management and quality assurance".

(2) ISO 9000: The purpose of this international standard is to clarify "the differences and interrelationships between important quality concepts", and to provide "the criteria for which international standards should be adopted by the quality system" so that "users" can use International standards are used for "internal quality management" and "external quality assurance".

(3) ISO 9001: It is a quality assurance model that includes design / development, production installation and after-sales service.

(4) ISO 9002: It is a quality assurance model that includes production, installation and after-sales service.

(5) ISO 9003: It is a quality assurance mode for final inspection and testing.

(6) ISO 9004: It is the guiding outline for the quality management and quality system implementation items, so that any enterprise can follow in promoting quality management.

And ISO 9004 can be divided into the following parts:

1.1994 Guidance Outline

2.1991 Service Industry Guidance Outline

3.1993 Guidelines for Processing Materials

4.1993 quality improvement guidelines.

(7) ISO 10011: This international standard is the guiding outline for quality system auditing.

(8) ISO 10012: This international standard is the quality assurance requirement for measuring instruments.

(9) ISO 10013: This international standard is the guiding outline for the development of quality manuals.

The ISO 9000 series of certification was originally only applicable to the contract between the buyer and the seller, but since it was set in 1987, it has brought considerable shock to companies around the world, and the effect after implementation has far exceeded the originally expected goal.

ISO 9001, ISO 9002 or ISO 9003 is to confirm that the seller can provide the standard scope and business model of the product or service required by the buyer? ISO 9004 refers to the internal quality of the seller when promoting ISO 9001, ISO 9002 or ISO 9003 Description of the operation rules of the guarantee system.

In summary, in order to establish a common model for audit quality before the product or service is used, the ISO 9000 series has drawn up a set of control references, including the preparation of the contract between the buyer and the seller, and the design specifications. And confirmation, management of procurement operations, incoming inspection, storage facility and picking requirements, process control, final inspection, finished product packaging, storage and delivery management, various handling operations from incoming to delivery, inspection and test identification status , Unqualified product control, corrective measures and statistical analysis, measurement equipment calibration management, education and training, quality records, document control, management responsibility and quality policy, after-sales service and other operations management, as the basis for the implementation and monitoring of quality of the buyer and seller .

Take Singapore as an example. Since 1988, the ISO 9000 certification standard has been adopted. So far, more than 300 companies have obtained this certification. And the original GMP system (Good Manufacturing Practice Scheme, GMP for short) is changed to adopt the ISO 9000 certification system, requiring the original GMP qualified factory to pass the ISO 9000 series certification before it can be exported. If it does not pass the ISO 9000 series certification, it can only be Locally sold in Singapore. It can be seen that the ISO 9000 series certification is undoubtedly reliable for international quality assurance.

Which industry is more suitable for ISO 9000 series certification? The combination of ISO 9000 series, the current edition in 1987, is mainly composed of two aspects. One is the main body of work operations, which are ISO 9001, ISO 9002 and ISO 9003; the other is the work instruction outline, which provides the selection and description of the main body of the work operations in the implementation of operations, respectively ISO 9000 and ISO 9004. However, due to the content of the current version, the regulations for the manufacturing industry are more specific and feasible. According to the requirements of the ISO 9000 series, the manufacturing industry can draw up a set of operating procedures for design, manufacturing, inspection, and delivery that will satisfy the customer (buyer). And from the tangible product manufacturing type, its design, manufacturing, inspection, delivery and other operating procedures have changed to the service type of intangible products.

The ISO 9000 series is aimed at manufacturing and service providers, providing a concept of an overall quality assurance administrative process, and requires the establishment of a written system to transform the previous communication situation of "people" as the basis of the system The way of communication? To solve various quality problems, not only rely on inspection, process and design to find deficiencies, but to let the members of each unit be responsible for the overall quality assurance administrative process undertaken by their people, and then Analyze the real quality problems.

Through the overall related processes extended by the ISO 9000 series, people who have the heart, ability, and experience in the enterprise can play better? Stand on the system to communicate and express views, so that all relevant personnel can more easily face the problem , And then put forward various reform plans? And in the process of improvement in turn, no longer because of the "non-necessary, non-negative; non-negative, or afraid of offending people" psychology, and sit idly by, but according to the right The overall understanding of the system has been corrected in a more specific and effective manner, without the lack of system establishment, which has brought unnecessary negative effects and better adaptation every time the personnel are managed or changed.

In this study, not only is the ISO 9000 model incorporated into the printing plant, but it will also try to study what are not suitable for the printing industry in ISO 9000, and then discuss these places that are not suitable for the printing industry .

Second, the general printing factory organization

The so-called organization refers to the efficient and systematic coordination of people, finances, things, things, etc. under a specific common goal, so that it becomes a complete system. The basic elements of the organizational form are: division of departments, occurrence of authority, and establishment of relationships among departments. A sound organization must have: clarify the nature of the work and make it easy to coordinate, clarify the role and authority and easy to authorize, and establish various relationships to achieve coordination and cooperation.

The internal organization of general printing factories includes business department, material department, pre-press department, printing department, bookbinding department, personnel department, etc., each department has its own duties and has its own role, which may be related Not so close (because each department can be independent as a small factory), but in terms of the operation of the entire factory, in order to make the operation smoother, the connection between the departments is more important, and the promotion of inter-departmental If the internal control function can be strengthened, the problems between departments will be reduced a lot.