The principle of three density meters and its application
Densitometers are one of the most important quality control tools in prepress and print production. The accuracy, consistency, and quality control of color reproduction in most processes depend on densitometer measurements. Practice has proved that the effective use of densitometers is a powerful tool for the implementation of standardization, standardization, and data quality management of printing and copying projects. Its main advantages are:
(1) Color is greatly affected by people's subjective perception. Everyone has a different perception of color. Densitometry can provide an objective analysis to overcome the differences among people, thus unifying the criteria for people to judge the depth of ink.
(2) Light source and environment have a great influence on visual color measurement. In the indoor and outdoor look colors are different, in the printing shop and office to see the color is not the same, but the use of the density meter, is not affected by the environment.
(3) Guaranteed proofing and printing quality. Densitometer measurement is very important in proofing and printing. In the production process, the density of the color density is affected by many factors and has a density standard. Through measurement, the depth change of density can be effectively controlled, thereby ensuring consistency and stability of the depth of ink. Sex.
(4) Proofing and printing to establish quality standards. The use of density meter for data management can provide printing operators in different regions and different manufacturers to monitor the production process and achieve the same effect of darkness and lightness.
(5) Color file. Data visualization has become the premise of print quality management. Standard color data can be recorded and saved for use in the next batch of prints. This prevents the proofs from being faded after a certain period of time. Causes inconsistent print colors in each batch.
The type and measurement principle of a densitometer
1. Types of Density Meters Densitometers are classified into transmission and reflection. The transmission densitometer (Fig. 9-4) is mainly used to measure the density of transmitted originals, photo-discharge density and dot percentage of the output film, and is used for the linearization of the imagesetter. The reflection densitometer (Figure 9-5) is mainly used to measure the reflectance of the original density and proofing, print the proof of the various colors of the field density and dot area, dot gain, overprint, print contrast, color deviation and measurement of the three major inks characteristic.
Figure 9-4 Transmission Densitometer
Figure 9-5 Reflection Density Meter
D(M)-Density Meter T-Transmission TD-Transmission Density Meter R-Reflectance RD-Reflection Densitometer O-Net Area Tester TR-Transmission and Reflection Dual-Use OT-Net Area Density Meter
The Arabic numbers following the densitometer model are the serial numbers of the densitometer. There are two types of domestic densitometers, one is CMF, which stands for color reflection densitometer, and the other is CMT, which stands for transmission densitometer.
The measurement principle of the densitometer is very close to the visual inspection and identification principle of the print operator. The working principle of the optoelectronic densitometer is to form a light path through a light source and a light filter, and the receiver converts the light transmitted or reflected to light current of a corresponding intensity according to the intensity. After analog-to-digital conversion, it is displayed on the digital display. This gives the density value of transparencies or reflection prints.
2. The measurement principle of the reflection densitometer. The stable illumination light source is focused on the surface of the print through the lens, and some of the light is absorbed. The absorption depends on the thickness of the ink layer and the density of the colorant (Figure 9-4). The unabsorbed light is reflected by the surface of the printed paper, and the transmitted light collects reflected light that forms a 45° angle with the irradiated light. And sent to the receiver, the receiver converts the amount of light received into electricity, and the electronic system compares the measured current with a reference value (absolute white reflection). Based on the comparison value, the absorption characteristics of the measured ink layer are calculated, and the measurement result density unit is displayed on the screen.
Figure 9-6 Measurement principle of reflective densitometer
The relationship between reflectivity and density has been described in detail in the first chapter. However, for a more intuitive understanding of the relationship between reflectivity and density, see Figure 9-7.
Figure 9-7 Relationship between reflectance and density
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