Cable TV has presented a development bottleneck of 20,000 households in many cities for quite some time. This year there has been a big change in the country. why? There are several reasons why induction can be summarized:
First, it has something to do with technical standards. Digital TV does involve a lot of standards. The common concern in China is probably the standard for terrestrial transmission. Many standards are not known, like the value-added service standards that several experts have just said, such as CA, EPG, data broadcasting, etc.
Second, it is related to cost. The cost of various digital infrastructure investments is high and cannot be recovered through the market in the short term.
Third, the content factor of the program. The novelty and richness of the content are not sufficiently different, and the people are already satisfied with the quality and service provided by the existing cable TV. If there is not enough propaganda and attraction, let the people spend a lot of money to buy digital TV. There will be an acceptance process at the beginning.
Fourth, the business model is not clear. For example, what method is used to charge? How much is charged?
Fifth, business aspects. The delivery of set-top boxes by operators, especially network operators, is actually a very big constraint on the development of our digital TV industry today.
The overall translation mode is not in China. In fact, many countries basically have the meaning of government promotion. However, what is the problem with the overall translation? According to the current translation mode, the investment risk is very large, because the operators, especially the network operators, go to the whole set and send the set-top boxes. The investment pressure is very long and the investment recovery period is very long. Operators must undertake a large amount of investment in receiving terminal equipment, which we believe is actually an unreasonable investment behavior. To move quickly, the translator must also withstand the pressure of the arduous engineering schedule, and the difficulty is indeed great. The vast number of consumers have no choice but to arrange everything, including fees, which means no autonomy.
At the same time, sending a unified and inexpensive set-top box will make the set-top box face serious technical upgrade challenges and restrict the development of value-added services for operators. If the cost of the set-top box can be recovered in ten years, does it mean that the set-top box can be replaced after ten years? The biggest advantage of digital TV is the provision of value-added services, so that the money-making opportunities that could have been used have also been killed. For this reason, the state also has to introduce relevant supporting policies. If the relevant policies of the state are not available, it may also be a matter of inaction. Therefore, a huge and attractive digital TV industry has various difficulties.
Machine card separation can not solve this problem, it is not necessarily, but also through the practice behind. Since 2002, the Ministry of Information Industry has proposed the separation of machine cards to the present, and basically determined to implement them as an industrial technology policy. But in summary, the separation of the machine card is first to solve the bottleneck of scale production for the set-top box manufacturer. The set-top box can be produced on a large scale, and the operator does not need to customize the set-top box. The second brings benefits to the set-top box users, and the separation of the card can reduce the cost of the digital TV, and ultimately the user benefits. It will also reduce the burden on operators. Set-top boxes can be sold at the mall level, and operators do not have to bear this burden. Finally, the implementation of machine card separation is conducive to enhancing the competitiveness of domestic CA enterprises and security product manufacturing enterprises, creating opportunities for domestic CA card chip companies.
The scheme for separating the universal smart card machine card introduced by me, that is, the small card solution, divides the functions related to the CA into two parts: "general module" and "private module". The "universal module" refers to the standard that can be standardized through the SCAI interface. In part, the set-top box is implemented by the method of “machine card separation CA plug-inâ€, that is, partial separation. Compared with the whole separation, the complete separation of CA is realized from the implemented functions. The main difference with the big card is that the part of the descrambler is kept in the set top box.
"Private Module" refers to the private part of CA's proprietary ECM/EMM encryption and decryption processing and smart card management software. It uses CA's own developed programs, all implemented by smart cards. The SCAI interface provides a negotiable public safety channel to ensure adequate security for card separation.
The small card mode completely inherits the hardware resources of the existing set top box, and does not need to increase any hardware configuration in the existing set top box. The standardization of all application data protocols on the 7816 interface is the main content of our work. We have not made any changes to the front end of the CA and the hardware of the set-top box. There is no need to make any changes to the current CA system, nor is it a new CA. We will move into a CA plug-in that completes the SCAI interface function of the set-top box in the set-top box. Plugins are developed in accordance with standard software modules. Also in the smart card end to develop a smart card interface in accordance with the SCAI standard, the private program of the smart card is still the original program of CA. So for CA, there is just one more smart card that supports the SCAI interface standard.
There are several key technologies to break through: First, set-top boxes are general-purpose products after the separation of the cards, and we hope they can be retailed in the mall.
We provide a machine card authentication function, that is, after the user purchases the set-top box, the service provider supported by the operator completes the network access authentication of the set-top box, ensuring that once the user buys the smart card, the security authentication function can be completed by inserting it.
We need to provide negotiable technology for establishing a public safety channel. This mechanism is to meet the requirements of such a security when the set-top box is used before and during production.
The ISO/IEC 7816-3 communication process is encapsulated to handle the separation and combination of data.
For CA message filtering technology, we need to obtain the filtering conditions through the smart card.
Standardized work includes:
Related specifications for the SCAI interface. In fact, many receivers, set-top box developers, we only need one file, and even our software is developed, very cheap to provide you, you can transplant this software to any set-top box you have developed. on. This does not need to be certified by CA, only need to be recognized by the Small Card Alliance.
The small card is actually not very demanding on the smart card, and the smart card chip used now can basically meet its requirements. From the in-depth analysis of the principle, there is little difference in the performance of the smart card that is separated from the smart card and the card that is not separated. From the small card, it was completely developed first in China. However, from the standard point of view, it is not the first one. As long as the European DAVIC standard defines two standards, CA0, corresponding to the big card, CA1, corresponds to the small card. Only in the market, there is no such product as CA1. However, this kind of thing like CA1 is in China. I want to have more market. We have introduced it and improved it. This solution does not require any hardware resource configuration of the existing receiver, does not require changes to the existing CA front-end system, does not require the development of expensive CA card hardware (such as PCMCIA cards), and only requires the use of inexpensive smart cards as security modules. Only CA manufacturers need to develop smart card products with separate card cards according to the interface standard. Moreover, this technology does not stipulate any specific implementation method of the smart card. This smart card is developed by CA, which guarantees the independence and unique things of the CA manufacturer.
Therefore, our conclusion is that the cost of smart card machine separation is very low, which is most beneficial to the overall translation. In fact, the overall panning of the set-top box can be as low as 200 yuan, and there is no problem in meeting the basic functions. But how much is the CA card appropriate? The smart card can be less than 30 yuan, and this is the user cost of all CAs.
Regarding the progress of the project, this is the case now. We generated it in the bidding project of the Electronic Development Fund of the Ministry of Information Industry. About a dozen units participated in the Small Card Alliance. A total of three task contract units were created: Shanghai Jiaotong University (system solutions and standards), Hua Hong Complex (smart card chip) and Hisense United (set top box). At the Soft Expo in June, there were already two CA companies and a number of set-top box companies that adopted the small card standard to achieve separation of the machine cards.
Related products that can be formed by small cards mainly include: technical standards for separation of smart card machine cards and related intellectual property rights; machine card separation software packages can support the development of each set-top box integrated machine; receiver terminals with separate card (set-top box or all-in-one) ; Separated smart card and smart card chip.
to sum up:
The universal smart card machine card separation solution has the lowest cost. The user cost of receiving the entire condition is less than 30 yuan. If you let the user buy this card, then the cost is 30 yuan. If the operator sends the user, the user mainly pays the monthly subscription fee or the paid channel subscription fee, and the cost of the operator is 30 yuan. It is a very reasonable and most cost-effective choice to send the card.
The smart card machine card separation provides the best solution for the overall translation of digital TV. The set-top box becomes a universal product, which can be retailed in the mall. The operator does not have to carry heavy burdens! The CA card becomes a user-selectable product, and users can freely purchase the service content they need! The receiver can be diversified to meet the diversification of value-added services. And no longer subject to CA restrictions.
The separation of the machine card will greatly promote the localization of the digital TV industry, greatly liberate the productivity of the receiver, provide opportunities for the manufacture of domestic smart card chips, and greatly enhance the competitiveness of domestic CA.
From the perspective of the industrial chain, the digital TV industry chain with separate machine cards is more clear. CA may reduce the benefits due to the adoption of the small card solution. The reduction is mainly in the revenue of the set-top box. However, CA can concentrate on CA system, user management and smart card products that you are good at, domestic CA companies can also grow their own CA by mastering the card separation technology. Compared with set-top box manufacturers, CA's profit in digital TV is still very good. For example, in the same industry sector, if the set-top box sells 250 yuan, the approximate profit is 50 yuan. If the smart card sells 30 yuan, remove the purchase of smart card chip 10 yuan, CA software's income is 20 yuan, you say who is more profitable? Moreover, we believe that CA is mainly to provide operators with support and means of charging, then CA can in fact provide a share of service fees with pay TV operators by providing CAS and SMS operation support platform technology, rather than mainly through equipment. This piece comes to income.
From the perspective of the mobile communication market, it is because China has adopted the mechanism of machine card separation that it has been able to develop faster than the United States. However, CA in mobile communications has not played a very decisive role in the mobile communications industry. Why can't digital TV be?
Imagine that every unit of the industry chain can develop its own words through reasonable economic benefits, that is, every family has money to make, this digital TV industry is a sunrise industry. On the other hand, if all the money is earned by a company, then the industry will get worse and worse.
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