There is a mutual transformation relationship between magnetism and electricity. The current can not only generate a magnetic field, but as long as the magnetic flux passing through the closed circuit changes, an induced current is generated in the closed circuit. This phenomenon of generating a current using a magnetic field is called electromagnetic induction. If there is no mutual conversion between magnetism and electricity, there will be no telephone, no electric motor or no generator, and the power plant will not generate electricity on such a large scale, and electric energy cannot be popularized on such a large scale. So electromagnetic induction really benefits the whole world.
This experiment: Prove the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, let the strip magnet pass the loop of the closed loop, and detect whether it can generate current and the law of current change. At this time, DrDaq is equivalent to an ammeter and a voltmeter.
Supplementary note: Electromagnetic induction is generated because the induced electromotive force is generated by the change of magnetic flux in the closed loop. There are two ways (shown below) to achieve a change in magnetic flux. 1. Let the wire in the closed loop make the motion of cutting the magnetic induction line. 2. Let the magnetic field move in the conductor (the generator is mostly used, that is, the coil is fixed and the magnet is operated)
Required equipment: A PC running the PicoScope oscilloscope software, a DrDAQ data logger, coils, wires, and strip magnets.
Experimental setup:
1. Install the tube and coil vertically on the fixture and bracket;
2. Connect the coil to the DrDAQ using a BNC connector.
To perform this experiment with DrDAQ, we must use the custom range feature in PicoScope. To do this, you can install the file into PicoScope, or you can enter the settings manually.
Experiment: Place the magnet on the tube (the north pole face down) and observe the graph (current or voltage) on the screen. Grab the magnet and move the magnet back and forth in the coil. Before repeating the experiment, consider how the traces on the screen will change if you place the magnet on the south pole face down. Try it out and see if it is correct. If the device allows, experiment by moving the coil up and down the tube, this is equivalent to the coil is doing the cutting magnetic line motion.
Discussion of problems and results
1. Why does the magnet generate a negative voltage and a positive voltage when it passes through the coil?
2. Why does the pulse width (duration) change as the coil moves up and down?
3. What is the relationship between the speed of the magnet and the voltage of the coil?
4. What happens to the speed of the magnet as it passes through the coil?
5. What happens when the coil is not closed?
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