Natural Forest Protection Project In December 2000, after two years of trials, the State Forestry Administration formally launched the Natural Forest Protection Project with a planned investment of 96.2 billion yuan, of which the central government invested 78.4 billion yuan, local support facilities 17.8 billion yuan, and planning and construction period 2000 Year to 2010. The two major objectives of the project are: First, to ensure the protection of 61.13 million hectares (9.17 billion mu) of forests in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River, reduce the consumption of forest resources by 61.80 million cubic meters, and reduce the output of commodity materials by 12.49 million yuan. Cubic meters, the new forest area of ​​8.67 million hectares (130 million mu), the forest coverage rate increased from 17.52% to 21.24%. The second is to reduce the production of 7.315 million cubic meters of timber in key state-owned forest regions such as the Northeast and Inner Mongolia, and effectively manage 100 million hectares (1,495 million mu) of forest. One of the biggest problems faced by natural forest protection projects is the problem of re-employment of workers in forest areas, and second, the reduction in the supply of domestic commercial materials, and how to ease the contradiction between supply and demand for timber.
The project of fast-growing and high-yielding forest project will invest 71.8 billion yuan (including 44.8 billion yuan from the state, 20% from the capital; 50.2 billion yuan from bank discount loans, accounting for 70%; other 7.2 billion yuan, accounting for 10%). 13.33 million hectares, and the project construction period is from 2001 to 2015. The goal of the project is to complete the construction of the green industrial belts of fast-growing and high-yield forests in South and North China by 2015. Each year, 130.37 million cubic meters of timber can be provided, meeting 40% of the domestic production timber demand, plus the harvesting and utilization of existing forest resources. Timber supply and demand are basically balanced.
During the “10th Five-Year Plan” period, the first phase of the project will be implemented. The industrial raw material forest industry belt with the focus on the south will be divided into four regions: the Guangdong-Guizhou Qiongye region, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the Northeast Inner Mongolia region. There are 28 projects with a construction scale of 1.73 million hectares. Among them, there are fifteen pulp and paper raw material forest bases with a construction scale of 1.27 million hectares; nine projects for artificial board raw material forest bases, with a construction scale of 200,000 hectares; four large-scale timber material forest bases with a construction scale of 260,000 hectares.
Relevant policies for building raw material forest bases for pulp industry On February 7, 2001, with the approval of the State Council, the State Development Planning Commission, the Ministry of Finance, and the State Forestry Administration jointly issued the Circular on Several Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Papermaking Industry Raw Material Forest Bases. Involving some related policies:
1 The state properly arranges some special investment to support the construction of papermaking forest bases. And increase the proportion of financial discounts appropriately.
2Pulping and papermaking enterprises shall draw more than 10 yuan per m3 of timber consumed, generally not exceeding 20 yuan in papermaking forest base construction funds, and include the extracted funds in the cost of pulp and paper products.
3 The wood production plan for the papermaking forest base will be implemented separately.
4 Yulin Fund (12%) raised it for personal use.
5 In the pilot areas of rural taxation and fee reform, the special tax for agricultural and forestry products (8.8%) was reduced.
The pulp industry raw material forest planning is an important part of the “Overall Plan for Fast-growing and High-yield Forest Projects” and it will be a breakthrough for the implementation of related supporting policies. If relevant policies can be put in place, the income from operating fast-growing and high-yield forests will be greatly increased, and China's forestry industry will face tremendous opportunities for development.
Policy analysis of the general trend of the development of fast-growing and high-yield forests in China Resource management policy analysis The State Forestry Administration has clearly put forward the forestry management policy of “classification management and classification guidance”, implements strict cutting quota management for natural forests, and implements plans for harvesting management of commercial forests. Separately, companies can adjust the harvesting plan based on the requirements of timber construction based on the conditions of the base construction. The promulgation of separate policies for logging plans has increased the autonomy of enterprise forest tree asset management. In order to maintain a balanced production, enterprises in the production chain are required to operate and harvest forests according to the principle of sustainable use, and overcome the drawbacks of ultra-planned harvesting from the internal mechanism. The harvesting index plan for industrial raw material forest bases has broken through the restriction of resource management policies for rapid development of commercial forests, and the construction of fast-growing forests will face greater development opportunities. According to statistics, there are 5.02 million hectares of artificial timber forests in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Qiong provinces with a total volume of 145 million cubic meters. A considerable portion of them are used for shavings exported to Japan and South Korea. At present, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province is planning to build 500,000 tons of modernized pulp. Plant, improve the utilization of existing resources; many domestic large-scale papermaking companies such as Hunan Yueyang Paper Group Co., Ltd., Shandong Sun Paper Co., Ltd., Fujian Nan Paper Co., Ltd., Fujian Qingshan Paper Co., Ltd. are Accelerate the development of forestry and paper integration.
The analysis of the benefits of rural tax-to-fee reforms The key reason why local governments, enterprises, farmers, foreign businesses and other stakeholders are not willing to run forests for many years is that the level of benefits is too low. According to the survey, the price of 1 cubic meter of pine logs in Fujian is 434 yuan, and the purchase price is 236 yuan. After deducting various taxes and fees, the income of the farmers is only 88 yuan. After deducting seedlings and labor costs, the foresters are almost unprofitable. Can be.
In 2000, the state began to implement pilot reforms of the rural taxation and fee system in Anhui Province to reduce the burden on peasants, reduce the 8.8% tax on agriculture and forestry products and various unreasonable charges, and significantly reduce the burden on farmers. Taking the forest base of Yueyang Paper Group as an example, 1 cubic meter of wood can reduce the tax rate by about 35%, which can reduce the tax cost by 74 yuan. The increase in income, the enthusiasm of farmers to increase forests, and the enthusiasm of enterprises to build raw material forest bases are also one of the fundamental driving forces for accelerating the construction of fast-growing and high-yielding forest bases. On the whole, with the strengthening of financial resources, the country will gradually reduce the burden on peasants through the rural tax and fee reform. Since the forestry base has been built for at least five years and one rotation period, it is the gradual implementation of this policy that has seen interest Mechanisms to promote the interest of various stakeholders in investing in afforestation are clearly rising.
In summary, after the related supporting policies of “Classification Management and Classification Guidance” are issued, the construction of fast-growing forests will face greater opportunities for development. The list of harvesting quotas for industrial raw material forest bases, and whoever afforests, all clear property rights relations will promote the development of the company's forests through policies, and at the same time exempt a special agricultural and forestry product tax and various unreasonable taxes and fees, and raise the forestry funds for self-use and include the processing costs. A series of economic policies have increased the enthusiasm of enterprises for afforestation, and the development of fast-growing and high-yielding forests with high input, high output, and oriented cultivation has good development space.