Elements of Graphic Design Commonly Used Techniques (2)

(d) Approximate approximation refers to the common features in terms of shape, size, color, texture, etc. It shows the effect of vivid changes in unity. The degree of approximation can be large or small, and if the degree of approximation is large, a sense of repetition is produced. A small degree of approximation will undermine unity.

Approximate classification:

1. Approximation of shapes: If two images belong to the same family, their shapes are similar, just like the human image.

2. Approximation of Bone Gravity: Bone lattices can be approximated rather than repeated, that is to say, the shape and size of the skeleton units have certain changes and are approximate.

Note: The difference between the approximation and the gradient is that the change of the gradient is very regular, the basic form is very strict, and the approximate regularity of change is not strong, and the basic and other visual elements are more varied and more lively.

(5) Bone lattice Bone grid determines the relationship between basic shapes in the composition. Sometimes the skeleton also becomes part of the image. Different variations of the skeleton can cause changes in the overall composition.

The skeleton is divided into:

1. Regularity: The regularity has a precise and strict skeleton line, a regular digital relationship, and the basic form is arranged according to the skeleton and has a strong sense of order. There are repetitions, gradients, launches, etc.

2. Irregular skeletal features: Non-regular skeletal features generally do not have strict skeletal lines.

3. Role of the bone lattice: the role of the skeleton is to make the basic shape of each other into their own boundaries of the unit, the bone lattice to the image of the exact space, the basic shape in the skeleton unit can freely change the position, direction, plus or minus, or even beyond the bone line.

4. Non-active bones: Non-active bones are conceptual, and non-active bone lines contribute to the organization of basic forms, but do not affect their shape, nor do they divide the space into relatively independent bone units.

5. Repetitive bone lattice: refers to the unit of space in which the bone lattice line is divided. It is the same in shape and size. It is the most regular bone lattice, and the basic shape is arranged according to the continuity of the bone lattice.

The graphic design is to combine different basic graphics and form patterns on the plane according to certain rules. The boundary between the map and the ground is divided by the outline within the scope of the second dimension, and the image is depicted. The sense of three-dimensional space represented by graphic design is not a real three-dimensional space, but merely an illusion space formed by the visual guidance of human beings.

(6) Launching and launching is a common natural phenomenon. The sun's rays are emitted. The emission has the regularity of the direction, and the launch center is the most important visual focus. All the images are concentrated toward the center, or spread out from the center, sometimes it can cause optical movement, it will have an explosive feeling, and it has a strong visual effect.

Launch classification:

1. The launch of the center point: the emission from this center outwards or from outside to inside.

2. Spiral emission: The basic form of the spiral has been performed in a spirally arranged manner, and the convoluted basic shape gradually expands to form a spiral emission.

3. Concentric emission: Concentric emission is a focal point-centered, layer-by-layer emission pattern, such as an arrow target.

(7) Specificity

Specificity refers to the fact that the constituent elements in the orderly relationship intentionally violate the order and make a few individual elements stand out in order to break the regularity.

Specific classification:

1. Specificity of shape: In many repeated or approximate basic forms, a small part of specific shapes appears to form a contrast and become the visual focus on the screen.

2. Size-specificity: In the composition of the same basic form, only specific comparisons in size are made, but it should be noted that the specificity of the basic form in size should be moderate, not to be too disparate or too similar.

3. The specificity of color: In the same color composition, add some contrasting components to break the monotony.

4. Directional specificity: Most basic forms are arranged in an orderly manner, consistent in direction, and a few basic forms are changed in direction to form a special effect.

5. The specificity of the texture: In the same texture texture, resulting in different texture changes.

(8) Contrast and contrast are sometimes morphological contrasts, sometimes contrasting colors and textures. Contrast can produce clear, positive, strong visual effects and give a deep impression. In contrast to the natural world, heaven and earth, land and sea, and red and green leaves are contrasting phenomena. Contrast relations, including: size, light and dark, sharp and blunt, light and heavy.

Contrast classification:

1. The contrast of shapes: completely different shapes, although there is a certain contrast, but one should pay attention to the sense of unity.

2. Contrast in size: The shape is different in the area of ​​the screen, and the length of the line is different.

3. Contrast of colors: The contrast of color due to hue, light and shade, shade, and coldness and warmth.

4. Contrast of texture: The contrast produced by different textures, such as thickness, smoothness, and texture.

5. Contrast of positions: The position of the shape in the screen is different, and the contrast produced by different positions such as upper, lower, left, right, and high.

6. Contrast of the center of gravity: the contrast between the stability of the center of gravity, instability, and a sense of severity.

7. Contrast in space: The contrast between the positive and negative images, the bottom of the map, the distance and the front and back.

8. Contrast between the actual and the actual: The real-life graphics in the screen are called real, the space is virtual, and the virtual space is mostly bottom.

It should be noted that in the use of contrast, a unified sense of unity is required, and all aspects of the visual elements must have a certain general trend, with a focus on each other. If you compare everywhere, you can't emphasize the contrast factor.

(9) Intensive and intensive is a commonly used method of organizing drawings in the design. The basic shape can be freely distributed throughout the composition and has sparse density. The most sparse or densest place often becomes the visual focus of the entire design. Creates a visual tension in the drawing, like a magnetic field, with a sense of rhythm. Intensiveness is also a contrasting situation. The number of arrays of basic shapes is used to generate dense, virtual, and tight contrast effects.

Dense classification:

1. Intensity of points: In the design, a conceptual point is placed at a certain point on the composition. The basic shape in the organization arrangement tends to be dense at this point. The closer to this point, the denser and farther away from this point.

2. Line density: There is a conceptual line in the composition, the basic shape is dense to this line, the densest in the online position, the farther the line is, the more basic the shape becomes.

3. Freedom and intensive: In the composition, the basic shape of the organization is not densely constrained by points or lines, it is completely free to spread, there is no law, and the basic shape of the density change is more subtle.

4. Crowding and alienation: Crowding is over-intensive, and all basic forms are a congested state in the whole composition, occupying all the space, and there are no sparse places. In contrast to alienation and intensiveness, the basic shape of the entire composition is alienated from each other and scattered in every corner. The spread can be uniform or uneven.

It should be noted that in the intensive effect processing, the area of ​​the basic shape must be small and the number must be large in order to have a dense effect. The shape of the basic shape may be the same or similar, and there may be some variations in size and direction. In an intensive structure, it is important to have a dense organization of basic forms. There must be a trend of tension and movement, and it must not be organized.