Since the materials that describe the plateau experience generally have to talk about the discomfort people feel when they are on the plateau, people who are preparing to travel on the plateau will think about whether they should go to see a doctor. They want to know if they will come to the plateau will not be a problem. I hope to get some tips for making my trip more secure. However, it is difficult for doctors in the plain area to have relatively direct knowledge and experience in the pathophysiology of the plateau. In fact, they are not given detailed guidance. In view of this, this article will provide such guidelines.
Although the Qinghai-Tibet Highway is more convenient, more people are flying to the plateau. Logically speaking, the pressure on the body is faster than on the plateau. However, according to statistical analysis, plateau disease is less frequent than any other method. The longer the journey through high altitude areas, the higher the incidence of altitude sickness. This may be because the physical exertion is too great and the body's adaptation to the plateau is difficult.
Traveling to the plateau will be at risk of some symptoms of altitude sickness. In the past, these symptoms were mistakenly attributed to flu or drunkenness. It is reported that mild altitude symptoms occur at altitudes of 1280 to 1800 meters, and severe symptoms occur no less than 2700 to 3000 meters. We must distinguish between the discomfort that occurs in the plains and the discomfort that occurs in the plateau, or else we will scare ourselves.
Quite logically, tourists who go into Tibet through the highways provide opportunities for their bodies to gradually adapt to the plateau. However, in fact, there are about 50% of the incidence of altitude sickness on the classic routes of highland travel (while the aircraft travels to Lhasa) According to statistics, 1% of people will suffer from high altitude disease). The Nepalese side of the Himalayas has had such statistics. One in 30 000 travellers will die from high altitude sickness, and 2-3 people will be killed every year.
At the plateau, the human body itself has an adaptation mechanism that operates in the maximum possible way. This process is called adaptation.
The process of plateau adaptation is still poorly understood. Past research has focused on erythropoietin and the increasing number of red blood cells. But nowadays it is recognized that it only plays a small role, and the increase in respiration (minute ventilation) and other more sophisticated adaptations at the hormone and cellular levels may be even more important. If a person rises slowly enough, these adaptation processes can occur effectively without the risk of altitude sickness. If this person rises faster than the body adapts, then there will be the possibility of suffering from high altitude sickness.
Plateau disease is generally divided into three syndromes: acute mountain sickness (AMS), high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high altitude brain edema (HACE). These syndromes are related in pathophysiology, but why some people mainly rely on brain symptoms, some people do not know the main pulmonary symptoms.
Acute mountain sickness is mostly caused by brain symptoms, including headache, loss of appetite and fatigue. Headaches can develop from mild to severe pain. Loss of appetite can cause nausea and vomiting. Fatigue can develop into extreme fatigue. Sometimes, these symptoms are severe enough to become high altitude brain edema. Most of its diagnosis is the change of consciousness or body movement disorders, high altitude brain edema can quickly develop into a coma until death. It can occur alone or with high altitude pulmonary edema.
Altitude pulmonary edema usually has no brain symptoms. If the lung symptoms appear alone, its progress will decrease from endurance activity, difficulty in walking, to severe dyspnea, chest tightness, and difficulty in breathing even if it is sitting, which will rapidly evolve into acute pulmonary edema, and pink will appear when it fails. Color and foamy appearances appear.
Adaptation seems to be genetically controlled. Some people can easily adapt to the plateau, while others cannot even go beyond 3,000 meters above sea level. At present, there is no effective way to screen and decide who is well adapted and who is not well adapted. Adaptation is usually explained after staying 6-48 hours on the plateau. Therefore, staying on the plateau for only a few hours does not mean that one person is well-adjusted.
What you need to pay attention to before you go to the plateau is whether or not your physical condition has been able to accept environmental challenges. You may need to ask your doctor to explain whether there are important organ dysfunctions; avoid common respiratory diseases such as colds and fevers before your departure; Physical strength. Of the tourists who arrived in Lhasa, it is estimated that 1% of people will suffer from high altitude sickness. Therefore, it is necessary for people participating in tourism to prepare some preventive medications. Prevention includes taking some proprietary Chinese medicines such as American Ginseng and Rhodiola. Western medicine is currently considered to be better, but some individuals will have headaches and other side effects, should be used under the guidance of a doctor. When I first came to the plateau, when I saw the mountains and rivers being so magnificent, people would generally have uncontrollable impulses. At this time, I must be trained to savor the gas of Dantian, clean my heart, consciously rest for the first day, and then plan again. On the plateau, to solve some common symptoms can be used: Fenbid cure headache, vitamin B6 treatment nausea, vomiting, if you still feel unwell, you should go to hospital for treatment. To tell you an experience is not to carry large bags to the plateau. Do you know what this baggage is? It is your fear. Not only do you lose your chances of proving yourself once and for all, and there are things that the more you think of it, the easier it will be for you to get it. Moreover, fearful tourism is not as good as watching horror movies at home.
Prevention method:
The speed of climbing should not be too fast. It is best to calm down and cooperate with breathing. At the same time, it should be adjusted according to the steepness of the slope, so that the amount of exercise is proportional to the breathing, and in particular the rapid breathing is avoided. The height of ascent should gradually adapt, and the height of daily climbing should be controlled to adapt to the low altitude and thin air environment. Travel should not be too tight, sleep, diet should be sufficient normal, regular short-term rest, soft and deep breathing at rest to strengthen the circulation and a high degree of adaptation, usually more physical training should be to increase oxygen function.
First aid for mountain sickness:
Oxygen supply and height reduction are the most effective first aid treatments. If there is a shock phenomenon, priority should be given to treatment and attention should be paid to temperature loss and other complications. Immediately rest and move the patient to a place without wind. If the pain is severe, he may take analgesics to relieve pain. If you still can not adapt, you need to reduce the height until the patient feels comfortable or the symptoms are significantly reduced. In general, people with mountain sickness can be cured when they fall to the ground. Despite this, serious patients still need medical treatment.
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