In addition to staying calm, outdoor distress requires some basic survival knowledge.
So, what are the basic human living conditions?
To survive, human beings need at least air, drinking water, food, and basic living space.
The air is first. Without air, it can only survive for a few minutes. Without water, it can generally survive for 7 days. Without food, relying on its own nutrient reserves, as long as there is air and drinking water, it can survive for 15 days.
1
How to seek the source of air when people are buried
Once a person is buried in distress, once he is awake, he slowly moves his head and limbs, cleans his mouth and nose, and the mud in his face to obtain free movement and breathing conditions. Second, he tries to clear away the mud and obstacles around him and strives to expand freedom of movement. And breathing space; Third, cut out screaming, irritability, restlessness, as much as possible to reduce the consumption of oxygen; Fourth, when feeling suffocating, you can find the surrounding cracks, close to the breathing, pay attention to the light gap, is a good source of air .
2
How to protect the respiratory environment of a confined room?
When people are surrounded by poisonous gas and fireworks, they can concentrate on protecting a closed room from poison gas, fireworks and heat. Remove poisonous and harmful articles from the room, strengthen the airtightness, sturdiness, heat resistance, and flame resistance of the room; pay attention to the collection of drinking water and food; keep calm, not open flame, reduce indoor oxygen consumption; send out for help Information; maintain hygiene, collect odor substances in storage.
3
How to withdraw from hypoxia?
First, cover your mouth and nose with a wet, wet urine textile fabric, take a low position or movement, look for direction, and move quickly to the exit; or you can breathe, lower your body, run toward the exit, escape from oxygen place.
4
How to survive in the absence of water?
Under normal circumstances, a healthy person weighing 60KG needs about 2,5 litres of water per day. When losing the source of drinking water, we must try to prevent the existing drinking water from being contaminated, learn to endure thirst, use water to moisten the mouth and throat, and reduce the consumption of water; eat more carbohydrate-based vegetables, fruits and roots and leaves Food; such as thirsty unbearable, but also can be used to paste the tongue, walls and other methods to quench thirst.
5
How to collect urine filter for drinking?
When drinking water is difficult, urine can quench thirst. Barrels can hold urine, built-in sand, dirt, pebbles, charcoal and other filtering substances, drill a small hole in the bottom of the barrel, after the filter is relatively clean, add a small amount of drinking water can be directly after drinking.
6
How to make drinking water from sewage?
In the case of war or flood disaster, when the clean water is seriously polluted and cannot be directly consumed, the sewage can be put into a bucket, and a certain amount of disinfection tablets, alum, bleaching powder, etc., can be added and stirred and filtered. Crushing cactus, Bawang whip and other plants can also be used as cleaning agents. Pay attention to the filtered water to have no strange taste, no bubbles, no color before drinking.
7
What are the types and methods of distress signals?
Fire signal: Three fires with equal distance are ignited. Light is dominant at night and some grass-shaped smoke can be placed during the day.
Illumination signal: Using a flashlight or lamp, flash 6 times per minute, repeated several times.
Color signal: wear brightly colored clothes or brightly colored hats, stand in prominent places to attract people's attention, or hang bright clothes or quilts on high places.
Reflective mirror signal: The use of sunlight to reflect the signal, can be noticeable, usually 6 times per minute, repeated reflections. Materials include glass, canned skin, spectacle lenses, and refractometers.
Item Signal: Use branches, stones, clothing, etc. to place "SOS" signal as large as possible. "SOS" can be written directly on the snow.
Sound signal: If there is not a large distance, you can call for help; or send a distress signal with the aid of the sound.
8
What are the essential items for personal protection?
Personal simple cutlery, towels, toilet paper, quilts (blankets), radios, drinking water, lighting tools, emergency medicines, antiseptics, protective glasses, windbreakers (raincoats), survival manuals and personal identification cards, health certificates. The specific item type and quantity are determined according to the situation and time. The emergency bag is placed in a fixed position, and some items are periodically replaced.
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