How to deal with unconscious players at the marathon

“High-temperature heat and cold and cold temperatures are easy to induce emergencies, and fainting and coma events are prone to occur. It is a necessary skill for runners and volunteers to master the relevant first aid knowledge. In the event of a crisis, proper treatment can avoid injury. It can even save lives."

At the scene, it was found that someone fell to the ground. Immediately shout loudly and quickly establish a protective ring to prevent the runners from slamming into the room and stampede. It is best to safely transfer the patient to a cool place and immediately check vital signs. If it is determined that there is conscious breathing, please give the player adequate amount of water, treat it symptomatically, and seek help while waiting for help. If it is determined that there is unconscious breathing, most of them are coma patients, please put the patient into a stable side position, prevent diarrhea in the contents of the digestive tract causing cough, and even suffocation, while seeking help and waiting for rescue.

If it is judged that there is no consciousness and no breathing, immediately start the emergency medical service (EMS) to make a phone call and seek help; immediately start CPS free resuscitation and arrive by professional medical personnel. Non-professionals must be firmly established, and the most critical condition for the success of cardiac arrest patients is to minimize the time to initiate rescue, and to carry out early CPR (chest compression → open airway → artificial respiration CAB). The new guideline of 2015 continues to emphasize The importance of chest compressions, chest compressions should take precedence over ventilation. Chest compressions can provide important blood flow to the heart and brain; animal data indicate that delaying chest compressions will reduce survival, so the situation of delay should be minimized; the effect of chest compressions not on the receptor position can be performed immediately. It takes time to position the head and perform mouth-to-mouth breathing.

In the double rescue, while the first rescuer performs a chest compression, the second rescuer performs an open airway. When the artificial breath is started, the first 30 chest compressions are over; Single or multi-person rescue, all with chest compressions to start CPR; guidelines strongly suggest that ordinary rescuers can only perform chest compressions at an early stage, weakening the effect of artificial respiration, that is, “press hard, fast press” to improve everything. The survival rate is the goal of treatment. Again, all non-professional rescuers should perform chest compressions at least for cardiac arrest patients. In addition, if trained non-professional rescuers have the ability to perform artificial respiration, they should be given artificial respiration at a rate of 30 repressions given twice. It is a complex challenge to always focus on the three points of speed, depth, and thoracic rebound during the recovery process while minimizing interruptions.

(Important note: It is strictly forbidden to practice cardiopulmonary resuscitation on living human beings, including chest compressions and artificial ventilation! There is a danger of life!! Strictly prohibited! Similarly, it is very important to judge unconsciousness and no breathing in patients with cardiac arrest. Misjudgment is easy to misuse coma patients who shouldn't be cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or they don't judge correctly and delay first aid!)

The story behind the zero death of the Tokyo Marathon: The organizing committee set up a rescue station next to the marathon course. In addition, every two minutes or so, there will be a group of two volunteers, carrying AED on the roadside. On the course of the marathon, there are doctors running with the runners. The mobile rescuer carrying the bicycle carries the AED with the running team. All mobile rescuers carry a GPS positioning system, and the general headquarters dispatches medical resources.

On-site CPR Operational Process

Only one person is involved in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). How do you proceed?

The operation flow is as follows:

1 Awareness of consciousness is to determine whether the patient has a response (clapping the patient's shoulders and calling out loud) and whether there is breathing or abnormal breathing;

2 In time for help, call the emergency call;

3 Turn the sick and wounded person into CPR position (sit on a hard surface);

4 pairs of non-respiratory or non-normal breathing, immediately at the level of the chest nipple connection, vertical compression 30 times; 5 lift the airway uplift method to observe the presence of foreign bodies in the mouth of the wounded;

6 pairs of mouth blowing 2 times, with a 30:2 pressure / ventilation ratio, 5 cycles of CPR;

7 Re-judgment of consciousness and breathing;

8 If the casualty is unconscious, but recovers from breathing, and has no spinal injury, place it in a stable lateral position to maintain airway patency and observe vital signs at any time. If the reaction is not breathing, proceed to the next round of CPR.

Tip: Untrained non-professional rescuers can use mobile phone hands-free function, under the guidance of the emergency call dispatcher or self-advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation of adult patients with cardiac arrest, until the automatic external removal The treamers or rescuers who participated in the training arrived. When CPR is done, some people are reluctant to take mouth-to-mouth breathing on the patient, and they can also simply push the chest. Studies have shown that adult CPR does not necessarily require positive pressure ventilation for the first 6 to 12 minutes. Therefore, if the emergency responder cannot overcome the psychological barrier or is unable to successfully perform ventilation, he or she can concentrate on performing only simple chest compressions.